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Measuring Muka with an Air Wedge

Interference/diffraction (double slit, grating, thin film, Bragg)

To measure the diameter DD of a single fibre of muka (prepared harakeke fibre), a student lays two flat glass microscope slides on top of each other, touching along one edge. The fibre is placed between them, parallel to the line of contact and a distance L=75.0 mmL = 75.0\ \text{mm} from it, so that a thin wedge of air forms between the slides. The wedge is lit from above at normal incidence with sodium light of wavelength λ=589 nm\lambda = 589\ \text{nm} and viewed from above through a travelling microscope; straight bright and dark fringes are seen parallel to the line of contact. Refractive indices: glass 1.521.52, water 1.331.33.

(a)

explain2 marks
Viewed from above, the fringe along the line of contact is dark. Explain why. Then explain why, if the wedge is instead viewed from below by transmitted light, the line of contact is bright.

(b)

show that2 marks
Show that the spacing between adjacent dark fringes is Δx=λL2D\Delta x = \dfrac{\lambda L}{2D}.

(c)

calculate2 marks
The student finds that 12 fringe spacings span 14.8 mm14.8\ \text{mm}. Calculate the diameter of the fibre to an appropriate number of significant figures, and estimate the total number of dark fringes between the contact line and the fibre.

(d)

discuss2 marks
The student lets a drop of water seep into the wedge so that it fills the gap completely. Discuss how the fringe pattern changes. Your answer should calculate the new fringe spacing, state what stays the same, and say whether the contact line is still dark. Then describe the pattern in the limit D→0D \to 0.

Your score: 0 / 8(0 of 4 parts marked — open “Mark it” on each part)

Measuring Muka with an Air Wedge — Scholarship Physics | Xametric